Welcome to Chicago!
Chicago is the largest city in the state of Illinois, the largest in the Midwest, and, with a population of nearly 3
million people, is the third-most populous city in the United States. The Chicago metropolitan area (commonly referred to as Chicagoland) has a
population of over 9.5 million people in Illinois, Wisconsin and Indiana, making it also the third largest metropolitan area in the U.S. Chicago
is primarily located in Cook County, Illinois.
Founded in 1833 at the site of a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed, it soon became a transportation hub in
North America and quickly became the business and financial capital of the Midwest. Since the Chicago World's Fair of 1893, it has been regarded
as one of the ten most influential cities in the world.
The name Chicago is the French rendering of the Miami-Illinois name shikaakwa, meaning “wild leek” (an analogical extension of the original
meaning of “skunk”).
Chicago in its first century was one of the fastest growing cities in the world. Within the span of 40 years, its population grew from slightly
under 30,000 to over 1 million by 1890. By 1930, the population tripled to over 3 million. During the mid-18th century the Chicago area was
inhabited primarily by Potawatomis, who took the place of the Miami and Sauk and Fox people. The first settler in Chicago, Haitian Jean Baptiste
Pointe du Sable, arrived in the 1770s, married a Potawatomi woman, and founded the area’s first trading post. In 1803 the United States Army
built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Fort Dearborn Massacre. The Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi later ceded the land to the
United States in the Treaty of St. Louis of 1816. On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of 350, and within
seven years it grew to a population of over 4,000. The City of Chicago was incorporated on March 4, 1837.
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